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Lymph nodes on back of head location3/9/2024 ![]() Lymphadenopathy is a significant clinical finding associated with acute infection, granulomatous disease, autoimmune disease, and malignancy. It is inclusive of osseous, nervous, arterial, venous, muscular, and lymphatic structures. This empties into the venous system via the right subclavian vein.The head and neck, as a general anatomic region, is characterized by a large number of critical structures situated in a relatively small geographic area. Right jugular lymphatic trunk - forms the right lymphatic duct at the root of the neck.This empties into the venous system via the left subclavian vein. Left jugular lymphatic trunk - combines with the thoracic duct at the root of the neck.They converge to form the left and right jugular lymphatic trunks: ![]() The deep lymphatic vessels of the head and neck arise from the deep cervical lymph nodes. The superficial vessels drain lymph from the scalp, face and neck into the superficial ring of lymph nodes at the junction of the neck and head. The lymphatic vessels of the head and neck can be divided into two major groups superficial vessels and deep vessels. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy of the lymphatic drainage of the head and neck - the lymph vessels, nodes and their clinical relevance. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and nodes which acts to drain lymphatic fluid from the tissues and return it to the circulation. The posterior lateral nodes lie close to the external jugular vein and collect lymph from superficial surfaces of the neck. The anterior nodes lie close to the anterior jugular vein and collect lymph from the superficial surfaces of the anterior neck. Superficial Cervical: The superficial cervical lymph nodes can be divided into the superficial anterior cervical nodes and the posterior lateral superficial cervical lymph nodes.They collect lymph from the mucous membranes of the nose and cheek, eyelids and conjunctiva. Facial: This group comprises the maxillary/infraorbital, buccinator and supramandibular lymph nodes.They also receive lymph from the submental and facial lymph nodes. They are located below the mandible in the submandibular triangle and collect lymph from the cheeks, the lateral aspects of the nose, upper lip, lateral parts of the lower lip, gums and the anterior tongue. Submandibular: There are usually between 3-6 submandibular nodes.They collect lymph from the central lower lip, the floor of the mouth and the apex of the tongue. Submental: These lymph nodes are located superficially to the mylohoid muscle.There are also parotid lymph nodes deep to the parotid gland that drain the nasal cavities and the nasopharynx. They collect lymph from the nose, the nasal cavity, the external acoustic meatus, the tympanic cavity and the lateral borders of the orbit. ![]()
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